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By a large number of gas pore foam dispersed in a solid plastic to form a class of polymer materials, with light, heat insulation, sound absorption, shock absorption and other properties, and dielectric properties superior to the matrix resin, it is widely used. Almost all kinds can be made of plastic foam, foam molding has become an important field of plastic processing. Structural foam 1960s developed to foam core, the cortex is characterized by non-foaming, hard and tough outer, (strength per unit mass) high specific strength, material consumption province, increasingly used in place of wood used in construction and furniture industries. Polyolefin chemical or radiation cross-linked foam technology to succeed, so that the foam has significantly increased yields. After blending, filling, such as modified plastics reinforced foam obtained had a better overall performance, to meet the needs of various special purpose. For example, by reaction injection molding of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane foam has been used as structural components in aircraft, automobiles, computers and the like; and hollow glass beads filled polybenzimidazole prepared foam, light and high temperatures , it has been used in spacecraft. Classification

Micropores communicating between each other is called the open-cell foam, closed cell type called each other a closed foam. A hard foam, a soft two kinds. According to the US Society for Testing and Materials standards, at a temperature of 18 ~ 29 ℃, the time within 5s, about 2.5cm diameter round bar one week, if not broken, test samples are soft foam; otherwise be a rigid foam . Foam can be divided into two types of low foaming and high foaming. Typically the expansion ratio (ratio of the foam after foaming front volume increases in multiples) is less than 5 known as low foaming, high foaming called greater than 5.

First, the rigid foam that is at room temperature to form the polymer foam is a crystalline or amorphous form, their glass transition temperature above room temperature, therefore, at room temperature foam hard texture.